What is HTML, CSS, and JavaScript?

If you have ever wondered how websites are made, you’ll be glad to know that three basic building blocks power almost everything you see on the internet: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

These three languages work together to create modern, interactive websites. Let’s understand each one in easy terms.

1. What is HTML?

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It’s the skeleton or structure of every web page. You use HTML to tell the browser what content should appear on the screen like text, headings, images, links, forms, and more.

Think of it like this:
If a web page were a human body, HTML would be the bones.

What HTML does:

• Adds headings and paragraphs
• Displays images and videos
• Creates links and buttons
• Builds forms (login, contact, etc.)

Example:

<h1>Welcome to My Website</h1>
<p>This is a simple paragraph.</p>

2. What is CSS?

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It is the design part of a website. CSS controls how things look colors, fonts, spacing, layouts, animations, and more.

Think of it like this:
If HTML is the skeleton, CSS is the clothes and style.

What CSS does:

• Changes font size and color
• Adds spacing and alignment
• Makes websites mobile responsive
• Adds transitions and animations

Example:

h1 {
  color: blue;
  font-size: 32px;
}

3. What is JavaScript?

JavaScript is a programming language that brings life and interactivity to your website. With JavaScript, you can make things happen when users click, scroll, submit forms, or even when the page loads.

Think of it like this:
If HTML is the structure and CSS is the style, JavaScript is the brain that makes the site think and react.

What JavaScript does:

• Shows popup messages or alerts
• Validates forms (e.g., check if email is filled)
• Creates slideshows, tabs, or modals
• Adds animations, timers, games, and more

Example:

alert("Welcome to My website!");

How Do They Work Together?

Here is how a website is built using all three:

• HTML creates the content
• CSS styles that content
• JavaScript adds interaction and behavior

Together, they build everything from a basic blog to complex websites like YouTube or Amazon.

Final Thoughts

If you are starting your journey in web development, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the first and most important tools to learn. They are the foundation of the web and open the doors to advanced frameworks like React, Vue, and Angular later on. Also learn about difference between react and react native.